![]() In 1897, Max had a falling out with his father, which went unresolved. He got a job teaching economics at Freiburg University the following year, before returning to Heidelberg in 1896 as a professor. Weber married a distant cousin, Marianne Schnitger, in 1893. in 1889, ultimately completing his habitation thesis, which allowed him to obtain a position in academia. He passed the bar exam in 1886 and earned his Ph.D. When he resumed his studies in 1884, he went to the University of Berlin and spent one semester at Göttingen. Growing up, he was bored with school and disdained his teachers, but devoured classic literature on his own.Īfter graduating from high school, Weber studied law, history, philosophy and economics for three semesters at Heidelberg University before spending a year in the military. Still, their house was full of prominent intellectuals and lively discourse, an environment in which Weber thrived. The conflicts this created in their marriage acutely influenced Max. His father, Max Weber Sr., was a politically active lawyer with a penchant for “earthly pleasures,” while his mother, Helene Fallenstein Weber, preferred a more ascetic lifestyle. Maximilian Karl Emil Weber was born on April 21, 1864. He is considered the father of modern sociology. He returned to teaching in 1918 and died in 1920. In 1905 he published his most famous work, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. He went to university and became a professor, but suffered a mental breakdown in 1897 that left him unable to work for five years. Congress are at the top of the social hierarchy because they have high power and status, despite having relatively little wealth on average.Max Weber was a precocious child. US Congress in Present Times: Using Weber’s theory of stratification, members of the U.S. For example, individuals in state jobs, such as an employee of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, or a member of the United States Congress, may hold little property or status, but they still hold immense power. Power refers to a person’s ability to get their way despite the resistance of others. Poets or saints, for example, can possess immense influence on society, often with little economic worth. Weber noted that political power was not rooted solely in capital value, but also in one’s individual status. Status refers to a person’s prestige, social honor, or popularity in a society. Weber noted that managers of corporations or industries control firms they do not own Marx would have placed such a person in the proletariat. Weber differs from Marx in that he did not see this as the supreme factor in stratification. ![]() ![]() He treated these as separate but related sources of power, each with different effects on social action.Ĭlass is a person’s economic position in a society, based on birth and individual achievement. Weber introduced three independent factors that form his theory of stratification hierarchy: class, status, and power. Many wealthy families lacked prestige and power, for example, because they were Jewish. He noted that, contrary to Marx’s theories, stratification was based on more than ownership of capital. Weber examined how many members of the aristocracy lacked economic wealth, yet had strong political power. Working half a century later than Marx, Weber derived many of his key concepts on social stratification by examining the social structure of Germany. Weber’s theory more closely resembles theories of modern Western class structures embraced by sociologists, although economic status does not seem to depend strictly on earnings in the way Weber envisioned. ![]() Weber claimed there are four main classes: the upper class, the white-collar workers, the petite bourgeoisie, and the manual working class. Weber supposed there were more class divisions than Marx suggested, taking different concepts from both functionalist and Marxist theories to create his own system. Instead, he developed the three-component theory of stratification and the concept of life chances. Weber criticized the dialectical presumption of proletariat revolt, believing it to be unlikely. class: A person’s economic position in society, based on birth and individual achievement.Ĭlassic sociologist Max Weber was strongly influenced by Marx’s ideas, but rejected the possibility of effective communism, arguing that it would require an even greater level of detrimental social control and bureaucratization than capitalist society.status: A person’s social position or standing relative to that of others.power: The ability to get one’s way even in the face of opposition to one’s goals. ![]()
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